galactic rotation
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Dark Matter: How Do We Know?
In theoretical physics, there are countless theories as to what dark matter is. But how do we know it’s not a wild goose chase? Technically speaking, we don’t. But fortunately for us, this question comes back to one of the…
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How Massive are Galaxies?
If you needed to measure the mass of, say, a brick — or some other Earthly object — you could just set it on a scale. (Yes, scales measure mass, not weight.) With galaxies, it’s not so easy! I don’t…
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How Massive is the Milky Way?
Over centuries of philosophy and research, through the times of the classical astronomers to Galileo’s observations of the Milky Way, humanity’s understanding of our universe has evolved from a simple model of the sun and planets to a vast wheel…
